Anatomy of Flowering Plants — NEET UG practice

89 questions

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Sample questions with solutions

Q1 · 2026

The main function of bulliform cells in grasses is :

  • A.

    to make the leaf impermeable to fungal spores.

  • B.

    to transport water.

  • C.

    to perform photosynthesis.

  • D.

    to minimize water loss during water stress.

Answer: D

  1. Identify what bulliform cells are: They are large, thin-walled, colourless epidermal cells located on the upper (adaxial) surface of grass leaves, usually grouped near the veins.

  2. Understand their behaviour under water stress: Since bulliform cells store water and have no cutin layer, they are the first to lose water and become flaccid when the plant faces a water deficit.

  3. Link the loss of turgidity to leaf shape: As these cells go flaccid, they shrink, which pulls the leaf lamina inward, causing the leaf to curl or roll.

  4. Connect curling to water conservation: Rolling reduces the leaf surface area exposed to sunlight and moving air, which lowers the rate of transpiration.

Hence, the main function of bulliform cells is to minimize water loss during water stress, so the answer is D.

Q2 · 2026

Match List-I with List-II :

List-I (Phase of cell cycle)List-II (Activity)
A. Conjunctive tissueI. Specialised cells in the vicinity of guard cells
B. Casparian stripsII. Endodermal cells rich in starch
C. Subsidiary cellsIII. Tissue between xylem and phloem
D. Starch sheathIV. Endodermal cells with suberin deposition

Choose the correct answer from the options given below :

  • A.

    A-IV, B-III, C-I, D-II

  • B.

    A-III, B-IV, C-II, D-I

  • C.

    A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II

  • D.

    A-IV, B-III, C-II, D-I

Answer: C

  1. Match (A) Conjunctive tissue: This tissue is defined as the ground tissue that lies between the xylem and phloem in a vascular bundle. So, A matches with III.

  2. Match (B) Casparian strips: These are band-like depositions of suberin (a waxy, waterproofing substance) found in the radial and transverse walls of endodermal cells, making them impermeable to water. So, B matches with IV.

  3. Match (C) Subsidiary cells: These are specialised epidermal cells located around the guard cells of a stoma, helping to control its opening and closing. So, C matches with I.

  4. Match (D) Starch sheath: In stems, the endodermis is often called the starch sheath because its cells are rich in starch grains. So, D matches with II.

Combining all matches gives A-III, B-IV, C-I, D-II, which corresponds to option C.

Q3 · 2025

In the seeds of cereals, the outer covering of endosperm separates the embryo by a protein-rich layer called:

  • A.

    Integument

  • B.

    Aleurone layer

  • C.

    Coleoptile

  • D.

    Coleorhiza

Answer: B

  1. Recall the structure of a cereal seed: In cereal grains, the endosperm is the food-storing tissue that lies just beneath the seed coat and surrounds the embryo.

  2. Identify the protein-rich boundary layer: The outermost layer of the endosperm, which is rich in protein and separates the starchy endosperm from the embryo, is called the aleurone layer.

  3. Eliminate the other options:

  • Integument is the tissue that surrounds the ovule, not a layer within the endosperm.
  • Coleoptile is the protective sheath covering the emerging plumule (shoot).
  • Coleorhiza is the protective sheath covering the emerging radicle (root).

Hence, the protein-rich layer separating the embryo from the endosperm is the Aleurone layer, so the answer is B.

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